Basado en la búsqueda realizada, he encontrado varios artículos científicos de alta calidad sobre los componentes genéticos asociados con la longevidad. A continuación presento los hallazgos:

Artículos Científicos Identificados

1. Genetic Variation in FOXO3 is Associated with Self-Rated Health

URL: https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/article/73/11/1453/4838307 Revista: The Journals of Gerontology: Series A Año: 2018

Variations in the gene FOXO3 (forkhead box O3), and in genes located at the APOE (apoplipoprotein E) locus, are associated with longevity. format_quoteReferenciasGenetic Variation in FOXO3 is Associated with Self-Rated Health in a Population-Based Sample of Older Individuals | The Journals of Gerontology: Series A | Oxford Academic Genes repeatedly associated with longevity have been those located at the core of the APOE (apolipoprotein E) locus [APOE, TOMM40 (translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 homolog), and APOC1 (apolipoprotein C-1)] and the FOXO3 (forkhead box O3) gene. format_quoteReferenciasGenetic Variation in FOXO3 is Associated with Self-Rated Health in a Population-Based Sample of Older Individuals | The Journals of Gerontology: Series A | Oxford Academic

2. FOXO3 on the Road to Longevity: Lessons From SNPs and Chromatin Hubs

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2001037019301011 Revista: Aging and Disease Año: 2019

FOXO3 encodes a transcription factor with a strong impact on aging and age-related phenotypes, as it regulates stress response, therefore affecting lifespan. A significant association has been shown between human longevity and several FOXO3 variants located in intron 2. format_quoteReferenciasFOXO3 on the Road to Longevity: Lessons From SNPs and Chromatin Hubs - ScienceDirect

3. Association between FOXO3A gene polymorphisms and human longevity: a meta-analysis

URL: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4023376/ Revista: BMC Medical Genomics (PMC) Año: 2014

Increasing numbers of studies have revealed associations between polymorphic variants of the FOXO3A gene and longevity. format_quoteReferenciasAssociation between FOXO3A gene polymorphisms and human longevity: a meta-analysis - PMC Our study suggests that the rs2802292 polymorphism is strongly associated with human longevity. format_quoteReferenciasAssociation between FOXO3A gene polymorphisms and human longevity: a meta-analysis - PMC

4. Genetic Association Analysis of Common Variants in FOXO3 Related to Longevity in a Chinese Population

URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0167918 Revista: PLOS One Año: 2016

Recent studies suggested that forkhead box class O3 (FOXO3) functions as a key regulator for the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1signaling pathway that influence aging and longevity. format_quoteReferenciasGenetic Association Analysis of Common Variants in FOXO3 Related to Longevity in a Chinese Population | PLOS One

5. FOXO3, a Resilience Gene: Impact on Lifespan, Healthspan, and Deathspan

URL: https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/article/77/8/1479/6663820?login=false Revista: The Journals of Gerontology: Series A Año: 2022

The gene FOXO3 is one of only two human genes that has shown consistent replication for association with longevity across multiple human populations. The other is, of course, the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE). format_quoteReferenciasFOXO3, a Resilience Gene: Impact on Lifespan, Healthspan, and Deathspan | The Journals of Gerontology: Series A | Oxford Academic

6. FOXO3: A Major Gene for Human Longevity - A Mini-Review

URL: https://karger.com/ger/article/61/6/515/148076/FOXO3-A-Major-Gene-for-Human-Longevity-A-Mini Revista: Gerontology (Karger) Año: 2015

The gene FOXO3, encoding the transcription factor forkhead box O-3 (FoxO3), is one of only two for which genetic polymorphisms have exhibited consistent associations with longevity in diverse human populations. format_quoteReferenciasFOXO3: A Major Gene for Human Longevity - A Mini-Review | Gerontology | Karger Publishers

7. An association study of FOXO3 variant and longevity

URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6082243/ Revista: Genetics and Molecular Biology (PMC) Año: 2018

This study is the first to demonstrate that FOXO3 could be a candidate gene for longevity in the Brazilian population. format_quoteReferenciasAn association study of FOXO3 variant and longevity - PMC

8. Identification and characterization of two functional variants in the human longevity gene FOXO3

URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-02183-y Revista: Nature Communications Año: 2018

FOXO3 is one of the few established longevity genes. format_quoteReferenciasIdentification and characterization of two functional variants in the human longevity gene FOXO3 | Nature Communications We find two FOXO3 SNVs, rs12206094 and rs4946935, to be most significantly associated with longevity. format_quoteReferenciasIdentification and characterization of two functional variants in the human longevity gene FOXO3 | Nature Communications

9. GWAS of longevity in CHARGE consortium confirms APOE and FOXO3 candidacy

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25199915/ Revista: The Journals of Gerontology: Series A (PubMed) Año: 2014

Only two genes, APOE and FOXO3, have shown association with longevity in multiple independent studies. format_quoteReferenciasGWAS of longevity in CHARGE consortium confirms APOE and FOXO3 candidacy - PubMed We did not identify new genome-wide significant associations with longevity and did not replicate earlier findings except for APOE and FOXO3. format_quoteReferenciasGWAS of longevity in CHARGE consortium confirms APOE and FOXO3 candidacy - PubMed

Resumen Integral: Los Principales Componentes Genéticos de la Longevidad Humana

Síntesis General de Hallazgos

La evidencia científica converge consistentemente en que solo dos genes, FOXO3 y APOE, han mostrado asociación con longevidad en múltiples estudios independientes format_quoteReferenciasFOXO3, a Resilience Gene: Impact on Lifespan, Healthspan, and Deathspan | The Journals of Gerontology: Series A | Oxford AcademicGWAS of longevity in CHARGE consortium confirms APOE and FOXO3 candidacy - PubMed y han demostrado replicación consistente a través de diversas poblaciones humanas mundiales.

FOXO3 emerge como el componente genético más robusto asociado con longevidad. FOXO3 funciona como un regulador clave para la vía de señalización de insulina/factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina-1 que influye en el envejecimiento y la longevidad. format_quoteReferenciasGenetic Association Analysis of Common Variants in FOXO3 Related to Longevity in a Chinese Population | PLOS One Las variantes específicas más estudiadas incluyen el polimorfismo rs2802292, que está fuertemente asociado con la longevidad humana. format_quoteReferenciasAssociation between FOXO3A gene polymorphisms and human longevity: a meta-analysis - PMC

APOE representa el segundo gen principal, con genes repetidamente asociados con longevidad ubicados en el núcleo del locus APOE [APOE, TOMM40, y APOC1]. format_quoteReferenciasGenetic Variation in FOXO3 is Associated with Self-Rated Health in a Population-Based Sample of Older Individuals | The Journals of Gerontology: Series A | Oxford Academic

Insights Clave e Implicaciones para el Campo

Mecanismos Funcionales

FOXO3 codifica un factor de transcripción con un fuerte impacto en el envejecimiento y fenotipos relacionados con la edad, ya que regula la respuesta al estrés, afectando así la duración de la vida. format_quoteReferenciasFOXO3 on the Road to Longevity: Lessons From SNPs and Chromatin Hubs - ScienceDirect Los mecanismos incluyen:

• Regulación del estrés oxidativo y metabolismo energético
• Control de la apoptosis y ciclo celular
• Mantenimiento de células madre
• Respuesta inflamatoria

Diferencias Poblacionales y de